(Technically, francium is the least common alkali metal, but since it is highly radioactive with an estimated 30 grams in the entire Earth's crust at one time, its abundance can be considered zero in practical terms.)Īlong with gallium, francium, and mercury, caesium is among the only metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium is the least abundant of the five non-radioactive alkali metals. Caesium is the second most electropositive and alkaline of the chemical elements and has the second lowest ionization potential (after francium). This metal is silvery gold in color and is both soft and ductile. The emission spectrum of caesium has two bright lines in the blue part of the spectrum along with several other lines in the red, yellow, and green. The variant spelling cesium is used especially in North American English, and the IUPAC has recognized it as a variant spelling since 1993, but caesium is the spelling used by the IUPAC. This element is most notably used in atomic clocks. It is a soft silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 ☌ (83 ☏), which makes it one of the metals that are liquid at or near room temperature, along with rubidium ( 39 ☌ ), francium ( 27 ☌ ), mercury ( −39 ☌ ), and gallium ( 30 ☌ ). Caesium or cesium ( pronounced /ˈsiːziəm/) is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55.
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